Katy Long in an article "When refugees stopped being migrants: Movement, labour and humanitarian protection" published in February 2013 recalls the need to open for
refugees new legal avenues to host countries that secure economic livelihood :
States and refugee advocates often insist
that ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ are separate distinct categories, despite ample
evidence that these labels blur in practice. However, little attention is paid
to the fact that in the past refugees were considered as migrants, with
international attention focusing on securing their access to existing migration
channels.
The article traces this tangled history
of refugee and migrant identities through the 1920s to the 1950s, when
‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ categories were separated. The article argues that
treating refugees as migrants in the 1920s and 1930s failed to ensure their
protection from persecution because their admission was entirely dependent upon
economic criteria. Separating refugees from migrants in the 1950s—by providing
refugees with an exceptional right to cross borders and claim asylum—helped to
address this protection gap. However, the article shows that in creating a
special route for admission deliberately set apart from migration, the
humanitarian discourse that protects refugees from harm actually prevents
refugees from finding durable solutions, which depend upon securing an economic
livelihood and not just receiving humanitarian assistance.
The article concludes that, in the interests of refugee solutions, the extent of separation between refugee protection and access to migration should be reversed. Refugee advocates should reconsider the many innovative lessons both from the Nansen era and the decade of experimentation that preceded the establishment of today’s contemporary refugee protection framework in 1951. While asylum and the ‘refugee’ category perform essential roles in admitting those in need of international protection, asylum alone—unlike migration—cannot meet long-term needs. Reconfiguring understandings of on-going refugee protection to facilitate movement and prioritize the securing of sustainable livelihoods would both better reflect the reality of people’s movements in conflict and crisis and offer more opportunities for durable solutions to protracted crises.
No comments:
Post a Comment
Comments